{
  "schemaVersion": "1.1",
  "id": "1password",
  "name": "1Password",
  "category": "Security",
  "franchise": {
    "id": "password-managers",
    "name": "Password managers"
  },
  "urls": {
    "page": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password",
    "markdown": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password.md",
    "json": "https://topratedsoftware.net/data/v1/reviews/1password.json",
    "api": "https://topratedsoftware.net/api/v1/products/1password"
  },
  "verdict": {
    "summary": "1Password combines end-to-end encryption, a Secret Key that sits alongside your account password, SOC 2 Type 2 certification and broad platform support, but it has no free plan and costs more than Bitwarden.",
    "label": "Security-First Password Manager",
    "full": "1Password earns its rating through a documented security design: end-to-end encryption, a Secret Key alongside your password, SOC 2 Type 2 certification and regular independent assessment, plus apps on every major platform and strong developer tools. It has no free plan, so check the regular price before the promotion ends.",
    "rating": 4.7,
    "ratingScale": 5,
    "bestFor": "Users seeking a feature-rich password manager with strong security and cross-platform compatibility",
    "bestForList": [
      "Users seeking strong security features",
      "Cross-platform device users",
      "Families sharing logins",
      "Developers managing secrets"
    ]
  },
  "evidenceLevel": {
    "key": "expert_researched",
    "label": "Expert Researched",
    "handsOnTesting": false,
    "note": "Researched from vendor documentation, independent reports, and published pricing. No hands-on lab results are claimed."
  },
  "versionReviewed": "Vendor pricing and help pages as read on 2026-10-20",
  "lastTestedAt": null,
  "author": "Michael Chen",
  "publishedAt": "2026-10-20",
  "updatedAt": "2026-10-20",
  "methodologyUrl": "https://topratedsoftware.net/how-we-test",
  "pricing": {
    "startingPrice": "From $2.99/mo billed annually (promotional); Families from $4.49/mo",
    "hasFreeTier": false,
    "freshness": {
      "verifiedAt": "2026-10-20",
      "ageDays": 1,
      "status": "current",
      "note": "Verified 1 day(s) ago."
    },
    "plans": [
      {
        "name": "Individual",
        "price": "$2.99",
        "period": "/mo billed annually (regular $3.99)",
        "features": [
          "1 user",
          "1GB storage per user",
          "Autofill credentials",
          "Password generator",
          "Secure sharing"
        ]
      },
      {
        "name": "Families",
        "price": "$4.49",
        "period": "/mo billed annually (regular $5.99)",
        "features": [
          "5 users",
          "1GB storage per user",
          "All Individual features",
          "Unlimited shared vaults",
          "Manage access with admin controls"
        ]
      }
    ],
    "livePricingUrl": "https://topratedsoftware.net/api/v1/products/1password/pricing"
  },
  "platforms": [
    "Windows",
    "macOS",
    "iOS",
    "Android",
    "Linux",
    "Chrome",
    "Firefox",
    "Edge",
    "Safari"
  ],
  "keyFeatures": [
    "End-to-end encryption of all vault data",
    "Password generation and autofill capabilities",
    "Secure sharing with anyone, even without 1Password",
    "Two-factor authentication and biometrics support",
    "Cross-platform sync across devices",
    "Watchtower alerts for compromised passwords"
  ],
  "pros": [
    "End-to-end AES 256-bit encryption protects all information in vaults",
    "SOC 2 Type 2 certified and regularly assessed by independent experts",
    "Works across macOS, iOS, Windows, Android, Linux, and browser extensions",
    "Offers free trial with no credit card required"
  ],
  "cons": [
    "No free plan: only a 14-day free trial",
    "Costs more than Bitwarden Premium, which is $1.65 a month",
    "Families plan covers 5 people, each with 1GB of storage"
  ],
  "scores": [
    {
      "criterion": "Security & Encryption",
      "score": 4.9,
      "weight": 1.5
    },
    {
      "criterion": "Ease of Use",
      "score": 4.7,
      "weight": 1.3
    },
    {
      "criterion": "Cross-Platform Support",
      "score": 4.7,
      "weight": 1
    },
    {
      "criterion": "Value",
      "score": 4.6,
      "weight": 1
    }
  ],
  "alternatives": [
    {
      "id": "bitwarden",
      "name": "Bitwarden",
      "rating": 4.8,
      "differentiator": "Free plan, and Premium costs $1.65 a month",
      "price": null,
      "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/bitwarden"
    },
    {
      "id": "lastpass",
      "name": "LastPass",
      "rating": 4.2,
      "differentiator": "Free plan for one device type; Premium from $3 a month",
      "price": null,
      "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/lastpass"
    },
    {
      "id": "dashlane",
      "name": "Dashlane",
      "rating": 4.5,
      "differentiator": "Premium includes a VPN; Friends & Family covers 10 people",
      "price": null,
      "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/dashlane"
    }
  ],
  "faqs": [
    {
      "question": "Did TopRatedSoftware test 1Password hands-on?",
      "answer": "No. This is an expert-researched review built from the vendor documentation, pricing pages and independent sources listed below, not from our own tests."
    },
    {
      "question": "How does 1Password ensure security?",
      "answer": "1Password uses industry-recommended encryption algorithms including end-to-end AES 256-bit encryption, a dual-key model where only you have keys to decrypt data, and Secure Remote Password for account authentication without sending credentials over the internet."
    },
    {
      "question": "Does 1Password have a free plan?",
      "answer": "No. 1Password offers a 14-day free trial with no credit card required. After the trial, you need a paid plan: Individual is $2.99 a month during the current promotion, billed annually."
    }
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "label": "1Password pricing and plans",
      "url": "https://1password.com/pricing/personal",
      "note": "Current vendor pricing page showing Individual and Families plan costs during promotional period as of October 20, 2026"
    },
    {
      "label": "1Password features overview",
      "url": "https://1password.com/features",
      "note": "Vendor documentation covering password vaults, sharing features, and security tools available in 1Password service"
    },
    {
      "label": "1Password security approach",
      "url": "https://1password.com/security",
      "note": "Vendor security documentation describing encryption algorithms, dual-key model, authentication methods, SOC 2 Type 2 certification and independent assessment"
    },
    {
      "label": "1Password privacy policy",
      "url": "https://1password.com/legal/privacy",
      "note": "Current vendor privacy document detailing data collection practices, storage methods, and processing locations"
    },
    {
      "label": "1Password CLI 2.41.0 release",
      "url": "https://www.1password.community/product-updates/1password-cli-2-41-0-25818",
      "note": "October 12, 2026 release adding the --environment flag to op run."
    },
    {
      "label": "CISA: use strong passwords",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/secure-our-world/use-strong-passwords",
      "note": "US government guidance on password managers, 16-character passwords and multifactor authentication."
    },
    {
      "label": "1Password security for AI",
      "url": "https://www.1password.dev/security-for-ai",
      "note": "Developer documentation on giving AI tools and agents access to secrets without exposing them."
    }
  ],
  "disclosures": {
    "affiliate": "TopRatedSoftware may earn a commission from some links. Commissions never affect scores or ranking order.",
    "imagery": "No screenshots published yet. We do not substitute stock photos or vendor marketing images."
  },
  "citation": {
    "preferred": "1Password review — TopRatedSoftware (https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password)",
    "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password",
    "license": "All rights reserved",
    "dataLicense": "CC BY 4.0"
  },
  "facts": [
    {
      "id": "verdict.summary",
      "label": "Verdict",
      "value": "1Password combines end-to-end encryption, a Secret Key that sits alongside your account password, SOC 2 Type 2 certification and broad platform support, but it has no free plan and costs more than Bitwarden.",
      "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password#fact-verdict-summary"
    },
    {
      "id": "verdict.rating",
      "label": "Overall rating",
      "value": 4.7,
      "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password#fact-verdict-rating",
      "scale": 5
    },
    {
      "id": "verdict.bestFor",
      "label": "Best for",
      "value": "Users seeking a feature-rich password manager with strong security and cross-platform compatibility",
      "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password#fact-verdict-bestfor"
    },
    {
      "id": "pricing.startingPrice",
      "label": "Starting price",
      "value": "From $2.99/mo billed annually (promotional); Families from $4.49/mo",
      "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password#fact-pricing-startingprice"
    },
    {
      "id": "pricing.verifiedAt",
      "label": "Price verified",
      "value": "2026-10-20",
      "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password#fact-pricing-verifiedat",
      "status": "current"
    },
    {
      "id": "evidenceLevel",
      "label": "Evidence level",
      "value": "Expert Researched",
      "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password#fact-evidencelevel",
      "handsOnTesting": false
    },
    {
      "id": "scores.security-encryption",
      "label": "Security & Encryption",
      "value": 4.9,
      "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password#fact-scores-security-encryption",
      "scale": 5,
      "weight": 1.5
    },
    {
      "id": "scores.ease-of-use",
      "label": "Ease of Use",
      "value": 4.7,
      "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password#fact-scores-ease-of-use",
      "scale": 5,
      "weight": 1.3
    },
    {
      "id": "scores.cross-platform-support",
      "label": "Cross-Platform Support",
      "value": 4.7,
      "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password#fact-scores-cross-platform-support",
      "scale": 5,
      "weight": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "scores.value",
      "label": "Value",
      "value": 4.6,
      "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password#fact-scores-value",
      "scale": 5,
      "weight": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "sources.1",
      "label": "1Password pricing and plans",
      "value": "https://1password.com/pricing/personal",
      "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password#fact-sources-1"
    },
    {
      "id": "sources.2",
      "label": "1Password features overview",
      "value": "https://1password.com/features",
      "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password#fact-sources-2"
    },
    {
      "id": "sources.3",
      "label": "1Password security approach",
      "value": "https://1password.com/security",
      "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password#fact-sources-3"
    },
    {
      "id": "sources.4",
      "label": "1Password privacy policy",
      "value": "https://1password.com/legal/privacy",
      "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password#fact-sources-4"
    },
    {
      "id": "sources.5",
      "label": "1Password CLI 2.41.0 release",
      "value": "https://www.1password.community/product-updates/1password-cli-2-41-0-25818",
      "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password#fact-sources-5"
    },
    {
      "id": "sources.6",
      "label": "CISA: use strong passwords",
      "value": "https://www.cisa.gov/secure-our-world/use-strong-passwords",
      "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password#fact-sources-6"
    },
    {
      "id": "sources.7",
      "label": "1Password security for AI",
      "value": "https://www.1password.dev/security-for-ai",
      "url": "https://topratedsoftware.net/reviews/1password#fact-sources-7"
    }
  ]
}